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: misleading claim - a statement with a few elements or kernel of truth, which can easily be proven deceptive or fundamentally untrue. : 2.2 million people in the U.S were expected to die, but only if the country did nothing in response to the virus.[1]
: proof by anecdote - making broad generalizations based on individual stories or isolated examples that support that generalization. : Trump reassures others that they will recover quickly from COVID because he did, while providing no data to suggest that such a recovery is typical among older adults. more...
: appeal to authority - asserting a claim is true because it is supported by an authority whose expertise, independence, or identity is unreliable or unverifiable. : AA Many world leaders have praised Trump's COVID response, without specifying who those world leaders are.
: false equivalence - implying that two things are essentially the same, despite being significantly different, by focusing on anecdotal or superficial similarities. : Between the Obama administration's response to the H1N1 swine flu outbreak and the Trump administration's response to COVID-19, ignoring that H1N1 was far less lethal than COVID-19. more...
: false dichotomy - giving the impression that only two opposing options exist while ignoring the possibility of any middle ground or nuanced alternatives. : Between living in total isolation in response to the pandemic or living life as usual, overlooking the range of balanced strategies that can both protect public health and avoid impinging on personal freedom. more...
: scapegoating - diverting attention from the real causes of an issue by assigning blame to a vulnerable or convenient target. : For the spread of COVID-19 in the U.S. onto China.[3]
: proof by anecdote - making broad generalizations based on individual stories or isolated examples that support that generalization. : Trump generalizes from his child's quick recovery that all young people recover easily from COVID, while presenting no data to show this is the norm for childhood infection. more...
: innuendo - implying something negative or controversial without explicitly stating it, leaving the audience to infer the intended meaning. : By raising the question of why Trump has not acted against Putin despite Russia's hostile actions, Biden implies that Trump may be aligned with or complicit with Putin, without explicitly making the accusation. more...
: post hoc - proclaiming that because something occurred after X, it was caused by X, when no causal relationship at all may exist. : Taking credit for NATO spending increases, when NATO spending had already been increasing in response to Russia's seizure of Crimea in 2014.[4]
: appeal to ignorance - reducing uncertainty to certainty by treating the absence of evidence as evidence itself. : Trump treats unsupported accusations of financial impropriety against Biden as settled and shifts the burden of proof onto Biden to disprove the accusations. more...
: appeal to pity - portraying oneself as a victim to elicit sympathy, deflect criticism, and foster a sense of shared vulnerability with the audience. : Trump portrays himself as a victim of unfair treatment by the IRS, invoking a sense of politically-motivated targeting alongside other groups who share similar grievances. more...
: guilt by association - discrediting an opponent by linking them with a person, group, or entity viewed negatively by the target audience. : Trump uses the overseas financial success of Biden's family to associate him with corruption, despite offering no evidence that he directly benefited or that their success establishes his involvement. more...
: false dichotomy - giving the impression that only two opposing options exist while ignoring the possibility of any middle ground or nuanced alternatives. : Between going to nuclear war with a foreign adversary or maintaining a personal friendship, ignoring other geopolitical strategies like deterrence, economic sanctions, and multilateral diplomacy. more...
: appeal to authority - asserting a claim is true because it is supported by an authority whose expertise, independence, or identity is unreliable or unverifiable. : The biggest analysts are saying the market's fate rests entirely with Trump, without specifying which analysts are saying that. more...
: common folk - connecting with an audience by giving the impression that you understand and share their everyday struggles and concerns. : By contrasting the booming stock market with the economic realities of his hometown, Biden portrays himself as empathetic to the disparity between wealthy individuals and ordinary people. more...
: half truth - a statement that is essentially true, but lacking critical information and presented as the whole truth. : Trump mentions "over 400 miles of brand new wall," without mentioning that only 15 miles of that is where none had previously existed.[3]
: projection - accusing an opponent of using the same underhanded tactics or committing the same misdeeds the accuser is guilty of. : Trump accuses Biden of mistreating migrant families, while facing criticism for mistreating migrant families. more...
: projection - accusing an opponent of using the same underhanded tactics or committing the same misdeeds the accuser is guilty of. : Trump accuses Obama/Biden of mistreating migrant families, while facing criticism for mistreating migrant families. more...
: false claim - a statement that is directly contradicted by fact and can be easily proven untrue. : About 50% of those that are caught and released come back to appear for immigration hearings.[3]
: appeal to ignorance - reducing uncertainty to certainty by treating the absence of evidence as evidence itself. : Trump launches accusations without providing evidence, creating uncertainty and placing the burden on Biden to disprove the unverified claims. more...
: whataboutism - discrediting a criticism by accusing hypocrisy to shift the focus away from oneself and onto others. : Trump shifts the focus from his own controversial rhetoric to a controversial isolated chant at a 2015 BLM protest—implying that such rhetoric justifies his own. more...
: straw man - misrepresenting an opponent's position or argument to make it easier to attack, usually by exaggerating, distorting, or just completely fabricating it. : Biden does want to raise taxes, but ONLY on those making over $400,000 a year.[3]
: virtue words - using emotionally appealing words that align with the target audience's value system to elicit approval or support. : Words like "decency," "honor," "respect," and "dignity" project broad moral ideals but lack specificity, serving as emotional appeals rather than concrete positions. more...
Number of techniques detected in the
1:43:42
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PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES
19 OCCURRENCES
appeal to authority: appeal to ignorance: appeal to pity: common folk: false dichotomy: false equivalence: guilt by association: innuendo: projection: proof by anecdote: scapegoating: straw man: virtue words: whataboutism:
DISINFORMATION TACTICS
4 OCCURRENCES
false claim: half truth: misleading claim: post hoc: